Hard limitations of GEO high-throughput satellites.
The GEO arc provides a perfect geometry for broadcast services: a satellite fixed in the sky allows continuous communications with simple, mass-produced terminals, and the distance to Earth from GEO lets a single satellite permanently cover a large geographical footprint. Historical operators built on this geometry during the golden age of satellite TV broadcast.
That golden era ended as point-to-point applications progressively displaced broadcast. The historical industry capitalized on its large GEO platforms with a multi-spot “high-throughput satellite” concept, spreading capacity evenly across the Earth's surface — a geometry increasingly misaligned with real, concentrated traffic demand. High-throughput satellites deliver impressive theoretical throughput figures, but ones increasingly disconnected from ground-segment constraints and requiring ever-increasing complexity.
This mismatch is why we chose a different path: instead of large, capacity-limited GEO satellites constrained by spectrum, our long-term vision is fleets of small, affordable satellites organized in clusters, surgically bringing capacity where it's needed. The roadmap starts with Kaonite, our first-generation satellite design, bringing sovereignty to nations and defense organizations while scaling the company ahead of a more ambitious second generation that fully delivers on this vision. The feasibility of both satellite designs has been confirmed by two consecutive CNES studies.
